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Rapid loss of muscle mass & strength is seen following injury. This is further compounded by the stress of surgery.
Injury + Surgery = Compounded Stress
Healthy young men have a decrease of muscle size with immobilization, showing the greatest amount of atrophy in the quadriceps:
*-1.7% at 2 days
*-5.5% at 7 days
Associated Strength Loss:
*Leg extensor -19%
*Leg press -21%
*Calf strength -8%
Clark JPEN 2000
Post ACL Injury & Surgery
*20% Loss of quad mass and strength post-injury
*40% Loss of strength post-surgery
Seto AJSM 1988
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Muscle loss begins in as little as 48-hours of inactivity/injury, with the most significant loss within five days.
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Effect of 10 days of bed rest on skeletal muscle in healthy older adults.
After 3 days of hospitalization, elderly inpatients lost approx the amount of lean leg muscle as healthy older subjects experienced in 10 days of inactivity– approx 3-fold> greater loss of lean leg muscle mass than a younger cohort confined to bed for 28 days. (2,4)
Kortebein JAMA 2007
Solution:
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NASA studies aimed to preserve muscle mass have demonstrated Targeted Nutritional Supplementation to preserve muscle loss even in extreme conditions such as 28 of days of bed rest.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004(4)
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Targeted nutritional supplementation can improve muscle gain in the most challenging patients.
HIV patients who were supplemented with ARG/GLUT/HMB for 8wks had a significant increase in LBM in comparison to placebo.
Clark JPEN May-Jun 2000 (5)
